Metric and imperial length units
The metric system builds every length unit from the meter in steps of ten: 10 millimeters make a centimeter, 100 centimeters make a meter and 1,000 meters make a kilometer. Imperial and US customary units use fixed but irregular ratios: 12 inches in a foot, 3 feet in a yard and 5,280 feet in a mile.
Since 1959 the inch has been defined as exactly 2.54 centimeters, so conversions between the two systems are exact, not approximate. A foot is exactly 0.3048 m and a mile is exactly 1,609.344 m.
Quick mental conversions
- 1 inch is about 2.5 cm; 4 inches is about 10 cm.
- 1 meter is a little more than 3 feet 3 inches.
- 1 kilometer is about 0.62 miles; 8 km is close to 5 miles.
