Four kinds of radiation units
Radiation is measured in four different ways, and units from one group cannot be converted into another without extra information.
- Radioactivity (becquerel, curie): how many atoms decay per second in a source. 1 Ci = 37 GBq.
- Absorbed dose (gray, rad): energy deposited per kilogram of material. 1 Gy = 100 rad.
- Dose equivalent (sievert, rem): absorbed dose weighted for biological effect. 1 Sv = 100 rem.
- Exposure (roentgen, C/kg): ionization produced in air by X-rays or gamma rays.
For X-rays and gamma rays, 1 Gy of absorbed dose corresponds to 1 Sv. Typical natural background radiation is about 2 to 3 mSv per year, and a chest X-ray is about 0.1 mSv.
This converter is for reference and education. Radiation safety decisions must be made by qualified professionals.
