How GPA is calculated
GPA = Σ (grade points × credits) ÷ Σ credits
Each letter grade has a point value. Multiply it by the course credits, add the results for all courses and divide by the total credits. An A (4.0) in a 3-credit course and a B (3.0) in a 4-credit course give (12 + 12) ÷ 7 = 3.43.
| Grade | Points | Grade | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| A+ / A | 4.0 | C | 2.0 |
| A− | 3.7 | C− | 1.7 |
| B+ | 3.3 | D+ | 1.3 |
| B | 3.0 | D | 1.0 |
| B− | 2.7 | F | 0.0 |
| C+ | 2.3 |
Schools differ: some award 4.3 for an A+, some do not use plus and minus grades, and weighted scales add points for honours or AP classes. Check your institution’s policy.
