How decibels work
The decibel is a logarithmic unit: it expresses the ratio between two levels instead of an absolute amount. An increase of 10 dB means ten times the sound power, and is heard as roughly twice as loud. An increase of 3 dB doubles the power.
A bel is 10 decibels. The neper does the same job using natural logarithms and is used in telecommunications: 1 Np ≈ 8.686 dB.
| Sound | Level (dB SPL) |
|---|---|
| Threshold of hearing | 0 |
| Whisper | 30 |
| Normal conversation | 60 |
| Busy traffic | 80–85 |
| Rock concert | 110 |
| Jet engine nearby | 130–140 |
Long exposure above about 85 dB can damage hearing.
